Glossary
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A material with an extra warp or filling added for weight and warmth. Satin-weave and twill-weave constructions are frequently used in the design of backed cloth because they are relatively resistant to the passage of air.
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A process for producing raised or projected figures or designs in relief on fabric surfaces. Embossed surfaces are usually produced on fabrics by engraved, heated rollers that give a raised effect. Embossed velvet or plush is made by shearing the pile to different levels or by pressing part of the pile flat.
Ornamental designs worked on a fabric with threads. Embroidery may be done either by hand or by machine.
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All the processes through which fabric is passed after bleaching, dyeing, or printing in preparation for the market or use. Finishing includes such operations as heat-setting, napping, embossing, pressing and the application of chemicals that change the character of the fabric. The term finishing is also sometimes used to refer collectively to all processing operations above, including bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.
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A method of printing fabric of polyester or other thermoplastic fibers with disperse dyes. The design is transferred from preprinted paper onto the fabric by contact heat which causes the dye to sublime. Having no affinity for paper, the dyes are taken up by the fabric. The method is capable of producing well-defined, clear prints.
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Non-contact printing that uses electrostatic acceleration and deflection of ink particles released by small nozzles to form the pattern.
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A fabric with designs applied by means of dyes or pigments used on engraved rollers, blocks, or screens.
A process for producing a pattern on yarns, warp, fabric, or carpet by any of a large number of printing methods. The color or other treating material, usually in the form of a paste, is deposited onto the fabric which is then usually treated with steam, heat, or chemicals for fixation.
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A method of printing similar to using a stencil. The areas of the screen through which the coloring matter is not to pass are filled with a waterproof material. The printing paste which contains the dye is then forced through the untreated portions of the screen onto the fabric below.
The process of passing a fiber or thread through the thickness of fabric layers to secure them.
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A cotton or cotton-blend fabric having uncut loops on one or both sides. Made on a dobby loom with a terry arrangement or on a Jacquard loom. It is used for toweling, beach robes, etc.
A fundamental weave characterized by diagonal lines produced by a series of floats staggered in the warp direction. The floats are normally formed by filling (filling-faced twill).
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Velour is a soft, closely woven fabric with a short, thick pile, weighting about 10 to 20 ounces per yard and made in a plain or satin weave. Velour is usually made of cotton or wool, or with a cotton warp in wool, silk, or mohair velour. It is also made in blends of spun manufactured fiber and wool. Has a felt with velvet-like texture.
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Waffle Weave Fabric is a woven fabric with a recessed square pattern. The raised edges around the recessed squares give the pattern the look of the breakfast food called waffles. Waffle weave fabric is available in different gauges from very fine to medium to coarse. Fine gauge waffle weave material contains tiny squares and the fabric is usually lightweight. This type of waffle weave often makes fast-drying dishcloths or dishtowels and also works well for a summer weight bathrobe. Medium gauge waffle weave fabric is commonly used in all types of towels. Coarse or large gauge waffle weave material makes very luxurious plush towels or bathrobes.
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